Sobhanian, who had been nominated by Economy Minister Ehsan Khandouzi for the post, was elected during a meeting of cabinet ministers on Sunday.
INTA, an organization affiliated with the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance which handles Iran's tax affairs, was previously directed by Davoud Manzour.
Manzour will replace Seyyed Masoud Mirkazemi as head of the Plan and Budget Organization (PBO) by a presidential decree.
In recent years, Iran has increasingly relied on tax revenues to offset the impact of US sanctions on government spending.
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