Some 111 years ago when William Knox D'Arcy , who until then had spent some 600,000 pounds worth of oil exploration in Iran, drilled off the ground at Naftoon, the "Valley of Kherson", Masjed Soleiman, Khuzestan province of Iran and oil exploded from the basement. Desperate to leave Iran, he was able to formalize his contract with the Qajar king.
The Iranian oil industry is the oldest in the Middle East. Although the occurrence of numerous seeps in many parts of Iran had been known since the ancient times, the systematic exploration and drilling for oil began in the first years of the 20th century.
In the contemporary history of Iran, oil have had greatest role in political, economic, and social developments, and Britain have had greatest role in these developments.
If in the past the main objective of British policy in Iran was as a buffer state and defend the interests of their enormous in India and intrusion prevention expansionist Russia to Asia, but at the beginning of the 20th century Iran oil cause fading importance of India in front of Iran oil.
William Knox D'Arcy, one of the founders of the oil and petrochemical industry, signed an agreement with Henry Drummond Wolf, Antoan Ketabchi Khan and Kotte to explore oil in Iran in 1900, negotiating with Muzaffaroddin Shah Qajar It began in 1901.
In 1908, at another point in the city of Masjed Soleiman, drilling started, and for months without success, and D"Arcy was completely bankrupt, but on May 5, 1287, a drill 360 meters deep at the Kherson valley at Masjed Soleiman The last layer of earth was fissile and the oil erupted with great strain from the earth.
Now, this well, known as the No.1 Well, is now under construction in the city of Masjed Soleiman, Khuzestan province, alongside an area known as the same name, under construction under the supervision of the Masjed Soleiman Oil and Gas Operations Company.
After Oil exploration in Masjed Suleiman, the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) was established and from the same time until 1306 all Iran's oil was extracted exclusively from this region.
*** Oil Installations as Tourism attractions
Iran is well known for its large oil deposits. More than half of this oil is exploited in refineries of Khuzestan province.
In addition to oil installations, other large industrial factories have made this city as one of the most important industrial centers of Ahvaz, Iran. .Ahvaz is also a principal transit route connecting different parts of the country to major ports in Abadan, Khorramshahr, Mahshahr, and Imam Khomeini Port. This connection is made through roads, airways, and railroads.
Masjed Suleiman in Iran's Khuzestan province in other words, is the hometown of Iran's oil industry, where its oldest processing facilities were built for the first time in the country and the Middle East.
Iran's Ministry of Petroleum has decided to create a museum of oil treasures in Masjed Soleiman in order to preserve this sector of the history of the country's industry.
Iran's Ministry of Petroleum has decided to hold the facilities and historic sites such as Well No. 1, the first distillery, the first refinery, the first sulfur plant, the first natural gas and electricity plant in the region of thirty rice as a component of the museum.
*** Iran oil nationalization; New horizon in Iran National development
The nationalization of the Iranian oil industry resulted from a movement in the Iranian parliament to seize control of Iran's oil industry, which had been run by private companies, largely controlled by foreign interests. The legislation was passed on March 15, 1951, and ratified by the Majlis on March 17, 1951.
On March 20, Iranian First Vice President Eshaq Jahangiri said Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry Day with the efforts made by Mohammad Mossadeq has opened a new horizon in Iran’s national development.
In his Twitter message which was released on the occasion of Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry Day, he said the day has made prominent Iran’s name in the international community and among anti-colonialism movements.
He also advised Iranian adversaries to learn from the great history of Iran.
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